In 1986, David Oyedepo founds Living Faith Outreach . The District Coordinating Council is headed by a Chairman, the District Council by a District Superintendent and the Board of the Assembly by an Assembly Pastor. XII: The Christ Apostolic Church Its History, Beliefs and Organization PDF The Indigenous Music of Christ Apostolic Church in Nigeria and The B. Akinyele. The Cherubim and Seraphim society is a distinct section of the Aladura founded by Moses Orimolade Tunolase, a Yoruba prophet, and Christiana Abiodun Akinsowon, an Anglican who had experienced visions and trances. He narrowly escaped death in a motorcycle accident in 1948. Restitutio: 484 Early Church History 4: The Apostolic Fathers on Apple Curtis of Four Square Gospel Church was healed of a dangerous boil inside his ear in 1956, after he was anointed and prayed for by Rev. Some of these are: He believed there is no middle way in commitment to serving God. Historical Overview of Pentecostalism in Nigeria Archdeacon H. Dallimore from Ado-Ekiti and some white pastors from Ogbomoso Baptist Seminary were believed to have come to see for themselves the wonder-working prophet at Efon. Consequently, theprophetand his men chose a large area at the outskirts of town. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). 1 Corinthians 12:8-11; Mark 16:17; Acts 2:4; and Galatians 5:22, The nine gifts of the Holy Ghost for the edification, exhortation and comfort of the Church, which is the body of Christ. Another interesting scenario of his prayer style is that Babalolas shortest and brief prayer was that of 3 to 4 hours. Genesis 1:1; Matt 3:16-17; 1 John 5:7, The utter depravity of human nature, the necessity for repentance and regeneration and the eternal doom of the finally impenitent (i.e. As numerous as the churches in Nigeria are, a few of them have managed to stand out in terms of popularity, branches, and the number of members worshipping there every week. In this article, the researchers have tried to describe the early history of the Apostolic Church in Cross River State of Nigeria, West Africa, through a brief biographical stetch of Pastor Eyo . Sadela is passionate about the ministry committed unto him. Pastor G.O Olutola succeeded Pastor Eyo Okon in 2011 and retired at the age of 80 in 2017. Awon akojopo idanileko ti awon oluko ile eko ojo isimi ti akure ati agbegbe re . Babalola retreated to his home town in Odo-Owa for a personal prayer retreat. The missionaries entered the bush, cleared it and consecrated it as a prayer ground. Also in 1990 he went on speaking engagement to Emmanuel Bible College (formerly Armenian Bible College) in Pasedena, Carlifornia, USA. Joseph Ayo Babalola slept in the Lord in 1959. This glossary lists terms that are used in various places in the religion and country profiles. During the decades 1940-1960, the CAC was subjected to a series of strain and stresses. The Aladura churches are independent African churches (or African Instituted ChurchesAICs), that emphasize prayer and healing. Isaiah 65:22; I King 3:14. The Christ Apostolic Church is distinctly an indigenous African Church. We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. We are the pioneer Pentecostal Church in Africa, with a membership base of presently over five million, made up of men and women, families from diverse sectors of the social strata. Babalola requested an open space for prayer from the Oba who willingly and cheerfully gave him the privilege to choose a site. Pastor G.O Olutola succeeded Pastor Eyo Okon in 2011 and retired at the age of 80 in 2017. When he informed Apostle Babalola he was advised not to go and he sacrificed the legal profession for the work of God. Why those who accepted him God as there personal saviour shall be fresh forever and ever. A fruitful relationship also developed between the group and Pastor Clark, so much so that they were referred to at some point as members of the Faith Tabernacle in Nigeria. This also resulted in the desolation of Churches in Ilesa because their members transferred their allegiance to the revivalist and that all the patients in Wesley Hospital, Ilesa, abandoned their beds to seek healing from Babalola. In sum, for a little over six decades of its existence, the C.A.C. 1) The Redeemed Christian Church of God (RCCG), 2) Living Faith Church Worldwide (Winners chapel), 4) Mountain Of Fire and Miracle Ministry (MFM), 7) The Lords Chosen Charismatic Revival Movement, 10) The Commonwealth Of Zion Assembly (COZA), What Is The First Capital Of Nigeria? A Brief History of the Apostolic Church, Nigeria: In 1908, Frank Hodges was inspired to found and name his Church "The Apostolic Church", while the Before then, there was the 1918-28 Faith Tabernacle era characterized by the formation of praying groups such as the Precious or Diamond Society found in small pockets all over Nigeria. Gospel Apostolic Church 2023. The C.A.C believes that the spiritiual power bestowed on Babalola placed him on an equal level with Biblical apostles like Peter, Paul and others who were sent out with the authority and in the name of Jesus. A lunatic of twenty-five years called Jegede was healed at Akure in 1947. Though, his father came from the Olisa Chieftaincy House of Imoru, he was living at Ifon at the time of his birth. History Of The Church Of Nigeria Anglican Communion. Those who assisted him during the Revival included D. O. Odubanjo, Oba I. On Tuesday, October 23, 1979, after his Morning Prayer time at 6:00 a.m., Pastor Samuel Gbadebo Adegboyega slept peacefully in the Lord. A hand prayer bell was given to Babalola as a symbol. With a headquarters in Yaba, Lagos, that can accommodate over 500,000 persons, the church is definitely a force to be reckoned with in the pentecostal circle in Nigeria. The current National President of the Church is Apostle S. E. Igwe, the former chairman of the Igboland territory who succeeded Pastor G.O. 147 of May 4, 1943, under the Lands Perpetual Succession Ordinance. Thousands of people surrendered theirs lives to Jesus. Its theological beliefs are summarised in its confession of faith, known as the Tenets, which read as follows:[9], The Apostolic Church Nigeria is administered as a single entity by the National Council and it is headed by a President. The visiting missionaries later ordained the first set of seven pastors of the Church (who had earlier been ordained by proxy by Pastor A. Clark in America). The golden era of the Church ended in 1959 when Pastor D. O. Odubanjo and Apostle Ayodele Babalola died. The Apostolic Church Nigeria: Starting a new century on a thankful note The brethren in control were Joseph Sadare (a.k.a. Deji Isaac Ayegboyin, Heal the Sick and Cast out Demons: The Response of the Aladura, Studies in World Christianity, Vol. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. B. Akinyele, were opposed to the use of medicine, while the pro-European group, led by one Pastor S. G. Adegboyega, saw nothing wrong in it. The CAC regards Babalola as an apostle and his revival ministry as the beginning of the church. The church is categorized into sections called fields with a view of bonding members in a spiritual and healthy fellowship. Adeboye occupies that position. After some weeks that apostle went back to the truck, of the three leafs was Dry, the second was rust while the third one was very fresh. Comment:Its so fantastic to be a member of TACN,lawna territory,bashua area,abule-ijesha district,abule-ijesha assembly, Im proud to be a member of the church of God. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. As a Part Time Minister he established many branches of the church in Ikale land in the present Ondo State of Nigeria. The current National President of the Church is Apostle Samson E. Igwe. We pray that the eyes of your understanding (mind) may be enlightened, so that you may know the hope of Christ's calling, the riches of His glorious inheritance in the saints. 2 Tim 3:16, 2 Peter 1:21, Church government by Apostles, Prophets, Evangelists, Pastors, Teachers, Elders and Deacons. Harvard Divinity School - Religion and Public Life - Aladura Churches in Nigeria. Simultaneously while he was studying for Cambridge and Matriculation examinations; he was a correspondence Law Student of Woolshall College, London. During this period he also visited many towns and villages based on the Lords guidance where he preached the message of healing and deliverance to the people. Believers Loveworld which is popularly known in Nigeria as Christ Embassy is among the biggest churches in Nigeria. The Apostolic Church continued its connection with its British counterpart; other secessions produced further apostolic churches. The Church has over 4.5 million members and a National Temple which serves as the Convention ground of the Church Nigeria. A woman suffering from the affliction of the issue of blood for 9 years was also healed at Akure in the 1949. The MFM headquarters also holds the record as one of the largest church auditoriums in Nigeria right now. Pastor G.O Olutola, who himself succeeded Pastor Eyo Okon in 2011, retired at the age of 80 and handed over the mantle of leadership to Apostle E.S Igwe. Winners Chapel is the second largest church in the country. The following year Babalola, accompanied by Evangelist Timothy Baba Busuyi, went to the Gold Coast. Igwe succeeded Pastor G.O. Esinsinade), D.O. The Apostolic Church Nigeria, Michael Abraham Assembly (TAC - Facebook Aladura is the Yoruba word for "praying people.". Ever since it was founded by Pa Josiah Akindayomi in 1952, the church has continued to wax stronger and stronger. A wide variety of breakaway churches have been founded throughout the century over issues such as polygamy, doctrine, and personality clashes, though all stress the importance of prayer, fasting, and the use of healing waters and oils. Elder Bednar cautioned against members getting caught up in the busy work of the Church and not focusing on Christ. The church now has several branches in Nigeria and some overseas countries. This god was situated on a bushy hill and no one dares goes there for fear of being harmed by the god or the python guarding it. His second coming and millennial reign upon earth. Odubanjo and Oba I.B. Franklin Graham Preaches To 68k On Rio De Janiero Beach 48 Years After Fathers Brazil Outreach, Meet Peter Claver, The Apostle Of Cartagena: Ministered To Slaves On Slave Ships, Baptized 300,000, German Cardinal Says Catholic Priests Should Be Allowed To Marry: it Would Be Better For Their Life, List Of Nigerian Praise And Worship Songs, List Of Bible Characters In Chronological Order, List Of Names In The Bible & Meaning From A To Z, List Of Bible Stories In Chronological Order, List Of All Books Of The Bible And Their Authors, List Of Books In The Bible From Shortest To Longest, Fading Away Like The Stars of The Morning Hymn Lyrics. He served from 1985 to 1987. . We are the pioneer Pentecostal Our foundation is the historic Christian faith as presented in Old and New Testaments of Holy Scripture, which lead us back to Jesus. Apostolic Christian Church (Nazarene) Catholic Apostolic Church, formed in 1835, the church movement associated with Edward Irving Old Apostolic Church, Christian faith community with roots in the Catholic Apostolic Church Reformed Old Apostolic Church They are estimated to have over 5M followers. The role of the prophet echoes other roles in Yoruba society, most notably the babalawo, aYoruba priest of Ifa (a popularity deity within the Yoruba pantheon) skilled in divination, healing, and problem-solving, though Aladura prophets are outspoken in their condemnation of indigenous deities. Sadela to establish a church with the word Apostolic in the middle of its name. Gen 3:1-19; Isaiah 53:6; Acts 2:38; 17:30, John 5:28-29; Daniel 12:2; Romans 2:7, 6:23; 1 John 1:1-2, The Virgin Birth, Sinless Life, Atoning Death, Triumphant Resurrection, Ascension and Abiding intercession of Our Lord Jesus Christ. Seminar History of African American Apostolic Pentecostalism [6], In 2011, the denomination inaugurated a 10,000-seat temple called National Temple in Lagos. Unofficial chapels are popular pilgrimage sites in the Armenian In 1918, an Anglican lay leader Joseph Shadare (d. 1962) in the southwest formed a prayer group with Sophia Odunlami, a schoolteacher, both of whom had experienced dreams visions calling them to respond to an influenza epidemic in the region. The desire for a distinctive identity prompted the leaders of the group to begin to seek a name for the group. The angel told him that he was the one who had been talking to him on the road when he was driving and that he would have died if he had refused to hearken to his instructions. Meanwhile the Church leaders were subjected to avoidable intimidations, harassment and humiliation at different levels of the society. As a result of the disagreement over the issue of Divine Healing, two groups had emerged. Other important churches and prayer movements included the Cherubim and Seraphim (1925), the Church of the Lord Aladura (1953), and others. Allan H. Anderson, An Introduction to Pentecostalism (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004). If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. In Support Of Gay/LGBTQI: Church Of England To Stop Referring To Church Of England Votes In Favour Of Blessings For Gay/LGBTQI Marriage Muslims Turning To Christ In Great Numbers Through Dreams And Visions, A Group Of Lions Save Christians From Execution By Islamic Militants. 26:21-29; Acts 20:7, The divine inspiration and authority of the Holy Scriptures. Chris Okotie(born 16 June 1958) is a Nigerian pastor, televangelist and founder and the General Overseer of the Household of God Church. Immediately he cited this god and its python he started ringing his bell as he moved towards it. He was to arrive in the town on a market day, cover his body with palm fronds and disfigure himself with charcoal paints. Yoruba religion was rejected, and pentecostal features that had been suppressed under U.S. influence were restored. "Untitled," Christ Apostolic Church billboard near Ibadan, Nigeria, Jean-Baptiste Dodane, modified from Flickr Creative Commons. In reaction to a vision where he saw himself fishing, but the fish which he caught were returning into the river, he realized his need for a Church base for the souls being saved through him. The Church was therefore christened Apostolic Church. It was later changed to Nigerian Apostolic Church to differentiate it from one with a similar name in Britain. One day the angels gave him a fruit of the tree of life to swallow which he did. info@ondoconnectsnewera.org.uk In 1931, after exchange of doctrines and other fundamental scriptural truths between the missionaries and leaders of Faith Tabernacle Congregation of Nigeria, the leaders of the fellowship decided to affiliate with The Apostolic Church of the United Kingdom and adopted The Apostolic Church as a denominational name together with its principles and practices. Apostolic Church - Wikipedia He is oneprophetthat believes in power of prayer, it was said that, he made African to believe that they can pray directly to God and get answers without any sacrifice or worshipping idols. The Aladura churches are independent African churches (or African Instituted ChurchesAICs), that emphasize prayer and healing. Sadela is currently the Grand Patron of Christian Association of Nigeria (CAN) Lagos State Chapter. The Lord said I should rub my face with ashes and to carry palm leaves in my hand and to buy a bell, which I was to be ringing the moment I entered the town and I obeyed. For example, the African Church in Nigeria, founded by J. K. Coker, was formed as a result of "inhuman treatment meted out to Bishop Johnson" by the Anglican missionaries. Nigeria is a very religious country. The Origins and Beliefs of Apostolics. The National Convention is a biannual gathering of all The Apostolic Church members at the National Temple, Alapere, Ketu, Lagos State, Nigeria. It is without a doubt that the Roman Catholic Church is the largest church there is the world today. This god was so ruthless that no man dares point a finger at it to call attention to it as such acts led to forfeiture offenders or death. Apostolic members strive to promote first-century . The love of christ for hime to die for us on the cross of calvary.. Verily verily I say unto you except a man be born again he shall not see the kingdom of God, 2019 CAC World Wide All Rights Reserved. As a Pentecostal denomination, the Church, by the guidance of the Holy Spirit, is administered by the orders of Apostle, Prophets, Evangelists, Pastors and teachers. The Bible Training College at Ede, in 1952 (the College moved to Erio Ekiti in 1954, to Efon Alaaye in 1958 and to Akure in 1969) The Pastoral Training College at Ibadan, in 1946 The School of Prophets and Evangelists at Ilesha, in 1949 The Teachers College at Efon Alaaye, in 1955 The Faith Home at Ede, in 1959 The Grammar Schools at Ibadan, Efon Alaaye and Iperu, all in 1960, at Ilesa in 1962, at Akure in 1964 and at Odo-Owa in 1970 The Press and Publications department in 1966 The Sunday School Department in 1977 and The Theological Seminary at Ile-Ife in 1979 From humble beginnings as an uncompromising prayer group comprising of ordinary men and women with an extraordinary vision, the Church has grown over time into a well established and worldwide Mission, with doctrines firmly rooted in the Word of God. The Nigerian group, led by Pastor D. O. Odubanjo and Pastor (Oba) I. Enabled by the power of the Holy Spirit he could spend several weeks in prayer. A whiteman medical officer in the Colonial office witnessed this miracle because he used his stethoscope to check and confirmed that the young man was dead when the parents brought the corpse to the revival ground. John 8:46; 14:30; Col. 1:15; 2 Corinthians 5:19; Romans 3:25; Acts 2:36; Phil. The Aladura movement continues to grow and includes many small secessions, ephemeral groups, prophets with one or two congregations, and healing practitioners. Rev. (Written By: Williams Fasemeji, 23 / 05 /2021 at 14:55), Synopsis of Dr. Olusegun Rahman Mimiko (a.k.a. Pastor D. P. Williams, A. Turnbull and W. J. Williams arrived in Nigeria as guests of the Church. The history of the church witnessed remarkable developments such as the establishments of a Bible Training College, Ede (1952) (the Bible Training College moved to Erio Ekiti in 1954, to Efon Alaaye in 1958 and to Akure in 1969), Pastoral Training College at Ibadan (1946), School of Prophets and Evangelists at Ilesa (1949), defunct Teachers College at Efon Alaaye (1955), Faith Home at Ede (1959). What Are Apostolic Churches? The Origins and Beliefs of Apostolics In 192526 they formed the society, with doctrines of revelation and divine healing replacing traditional charms and medicine. Babalola, Joseph Ayodele - CHRIST APOSTOLIC CHURCH, AUBERVILLIERS FRANCE If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. The high point of the revival was the raising to life of a boy who had been dead for four days. The 1918 world influenza epidemic precipitated the formation of a prayer group of Anglican laymen at Ijebu-Ode, Nigeria; the group emphasized divine healing, prayer protection, and a puritanical moral code. House on the Rock was founded by Pastor Paul Adefarasin in 1994. Their reputation grew with reports of answered prayers. Learn more. By its structure, belief and practices, it is an independent Pentecostal Church. A dead young man whose corpse was already smelling was miraculously revived and healed at the revival ground in Akure in 1948. Later in 1931 Apostle Joseph Ayo Babalola baptized him by immersion. He suffered the loss of seven children to infant mortality in his first marriage consummated in 1934. The C.A.C. The General Council meets once a year, to receive reports of the various departments in the Church. seeking solutions to their social, religious, existential and psychological problems. This was how he moved to the mountain which he named Ori Oke Anu (Mountain of Mercy), after a while, he established a CAC church on it and his building is still their till date. In a vision he had, Jesus appeared to him in a white robe along with a very tall man who revealed that it was this Jesus who asked me to speak with you. Such publications enlightened them and further strengthened their faith in God. 1 Corinthians 10:12, 1 John 5:11, John 15:4, 1 John 5:12, Romans 5:1-2, John 8:51, 1 Timothy 4:1, 16; 2 Timothy 3:13-15, 1 Corinthians 15:1, Colossians 1:21-23, The obligatory nature of Tithes and Offerings. An angel appeared in one of his prayers and forbade him to wear caps. 1978. +234 8023 032138 Then following a schism in the Apostolic Church about 1940, Babalola went with a newindependent church, Christ Apostolic Church (CAC), where he continued his healing and revivalist activities until his death. This is mainly because there are orthodox, evangelical, pentecostal, and several other types of churches in the country. Their members had also imbibed reliance on the power of prayer, divine healing and the All Sufficiency of God. According to him The Spirit told me to go to my hometown, where I was born. Glory be to God almighty in the highest for the life of his servant, hisworksspeaks on till today and as given birth to so many revivalists in our days now. The moment they set eyes on me they fled. Joseph Ayo Babalola (d. 1959), a Yoruba Anglican and public works employee, had a series of visions that brought him to the Precious Stone Society. Here are 11 things that are NEVER going to change about this denomination. After 15 days of learning how to drive the caterpillar, he was able to drive it without any assistance. The church currently has branches in all the states and major cities in the country. Make Jesus Christ the Center of Temple and Family History Work Story Of Late CAC Founder, Apostle Ayo Babalola From The Book That This emphasizes the fact that Jesus Christ still heals and can still be relied upon to provide for all needs as He is the same yesterday, today, and for ever! He was born on the 25th of April 1904 at Odo-Owa,Ilofa, in present day Ekiti Local Government areas of Kwara State, Nigeria to the family of late Pa David Lawani Rotimi and Madam Martha Talabi Rotimi. So, on their behalf, Mr D. O. Odubanjo sought co-operation with British Apostolic Brothers in Bradford, England. His first encounter with God after hearing his voice, was when the angel of the Lord told him to enter his house the voice called to him again telling him to fast for six days and pray 120 times which he faithfully did as he slept that night, an angel entered into his room like lightning and began to talk to him. In the same year the founders parted, and further divisions produced more than 10 major and many minor sections, which spread widely in Nigeria and to Benin (formerly Dahomey), Togo, and Ghana. Reverend Sadela decreed in prayer that a woman with threatened abortion at the 6th month of pregnancy should bear a live child on 24th November, 1991. . He was an active member of theBoys Scout. For instance in 1944 (during the 2nd World War) he trekked from Odo Owa to Ilorin and back a distance (round trip) of 112 miles (180 Km) in company of Elder Balogun (Baba Ijo) and one Victor on a missionary journey. A. Medayese, A. O. Omotoso, John Oye, J. Traditionally the place was a forbidden forest because of the evil spirits that were believed to inhabit it. He was also given a bottle of life- giving water to heal all manners of sickness. During this period offastingand prayers , he received lots of revelations which formed the basis of the way he operated in his ministry. In 1930 Faith Tabernacle affiliated with the British Apostolic Church. According to Wikipedia, the church has over 13M followers worldwide. Aladura Churches in Nigeria | Religion and Public Life at Harvard To know the top 10 largest churches in the country, check out the full list below. At the prompting of the Spirit of God in 2006 Rev. The parable of the 3 Palm tree leaves that God gave toApostle Babalolaon the believers and the church of God. Rev. Use the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Nearly every street you pass has at least one church in it. Living Faith Church Worldwide aka Winners Chapel was founded in 1981 after Dr. David Oyedepo received a vision in which he said God told him it is time to liberate the world through the preaching of the word of faith. Telephone Numbers: +44 7947 564 998 The watershed in his early ministry came when he was commanded by God to go to his hometown to warn his people against Idolatry, fetish practices and evil works. The Church of the Lord (Aladura), which he founded at Ogere in 1930, spread to north and east Nigeria, Ghana, Liberia, Sierra Leone, and beyond AfricaNew York City and Londonwhere several other Aladura congregations also meet. The fields include: The National Convention is a biannual gathering of all The Apostolic Church members at the National Temple, Lagos State, Nigeria. However God told His Servant to tell them he would not bring beasts again but instead would bring epidemics and it would start within forty- five days. Founder - Joseph Shadare Current Leader - Apostle E.S Igwe Headquarters - Lagos State The Apostolic Church of Nigeria is also known as TAC is definitely one of the biggest evangelical churches in Nigeria. He passed the Senior Cambridge in 1946 and London University Matriculation in 1949. Apostolic Church (Czechoslovakia), a Pentecostal denomination now divided into: This page was last edited on 5 February 2023, at 18:39. In defense against the prophesied invasion of the town by wild beasts the people of the town armed themselves with Guns and Cutlasses. Its headquarters which is located in Nigerias federal capital territory, Abuja is capable of accommodating over 10,000 worshippers at a time. Apostolic Churches are a Christian denomination that arose from Pentecostal origins in the early 19th century. "Every leader should make a conscious decision on every occasion and in every circumstance to make sure there is an . B. Orogun, and Philip Mabigbade among others. It is also one of the biggest indigenous pentecostal churches in the country. At the same time, many Pentecostals have demonized the Aladura and other African Instituted Churches as having pagan or occult elements, downplaying the role of Christ, or having other contested features, which, considering the many wide spreading branches of the Aladura movement, are not unrealistic claims. Babalola was a spiritually gifted individual who was genuinely dissatisfied with the increasing materialistic and sinful existence into which he believed, the Yoruba in particular andNigeriain general were being plunged as western civilization influence on society grew. Our focus for this episode is the collection of second-century Christian literature known as the Apostolic Fathers. The name "Apostolic" stemmed from the twelve apostles that followed Jesus, whose teachings are paramount for the beliefs of the Apostolic Church. He completed standard six education in 1920. ; Why They Call Him Olorun 1930, on Story Of Late CAC Founder, Apostle Ayo Babalola From The Book That Reveals His Life! To avoid bloodshed he was compelled to leave. Gen 3:1-19; Isaiah 53:6; Acts 2:38; 17:30, John 5:28-29; Daniel 12:2; Romans 2:7, 6:23; 1 John 1:1-2, The Virgin Birth, Sinless Life, Atoning Death, Triumphant Resurrection, Ascension and Abiding intercession of Our Lord Jesus Christ. OCAC Nigeria - The Old Catholic Apostolic Church Nigeria HQ Adegbohun Oluwasegun CDT, RDT. - Pastor - The Apostolic Church Nigeria After a successful campaign in the Gold Coast he returned to Nigeria. Ogbu Kalu, African Pentecostalism: An Introduction (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008). 1 Corinthians 12:8-11; Mark 16:17; Acts 2:4; and Galatians 5:22, The nine gifts of the Holy Ghost for the edification, exhortation and comfort of the Church, which is the body of Christ.