In the Election of 2000, Florida was (5 points) Select one: a. first to submit state election results b. a swing state with challenged votes c. overwhelmingly in support of Bush d. overwhelmingly in support of Gore 2 See answers Advertisement HistoryGuy That phrase is being invoked a lot in light of this year's ultra-tight Florida statewide elections. Seven of the nine justices saw constitutional problems with the Equal Protection Clause of the United States Constitution in the Florida Supreme Court's plan for recounting ballots, citing differing vote-counting standards from county to county and the lack of a single judicial officer to oversee the recount. ", "Data Files NORC Files, Media Group Files", "Now Democrats Are Upset With The Way Lake Counted, Counters Threw Out 3,114 Ballots Because Voters Also Wrote In The Name Of Their Candidate", "No. Tanner, Robert and Sharon L. Crenson. She was also an ally of Republican Gov. Posted 7 years ago. In the month following the election, some 50 individual suits were filed concerning the various counts, recounts, and certification deadlines. c. 271. On December 4, the Court ordered the Florida Supreme Court to clarify its ruling that had extended the certification date. After a five-week legal blitz that virtually ended in the Supreme Court, Bush was named the next president of the United States. Jeb Bush, the nominee's brother, and she had been co-chair of the nominee's statewide campaign. 2000 United States presidential election recount in Florida, NORC-sponsored Florida Ballot Project recount, County-by-county standards for write-in overvotes in 2000. The Republicans appealed that ruling to the U.S. Supreme Court, which voted 7-2 to end the Florida court's ordered recount. Direct link to Mr. S's post B.K., sounds like you are, Posted 5 years ago. Conservatives claimed that the same ballot had been successfully used in the 1996 election;[18] in fact, it had never been used in a Palm Beach County election among rival candidates for office. Have Any U.S. Presidents Decided Not to Run For a Second Term? [12], On election day itself, the extent of the mix-ups in the electoral rolls was such that "in a number of precincts in Florida's inner cities, the polling locations were heavily fortified with police. [1], The controversy began on election night, November 7, 2000, when the national television networks, using information provided to them by the Voter News Service, an organization formed by the Associated Press to help determine the outcome of the election through early result tallies and exit polling, first called Florida for Gore in the hour after polls closed in the peninsula (in the Eastern time zone) but about ten minutes before they closed in the heavily Republican counties of the panhandle (in the Central time zone). If Gore had won the recount, then he would have won the election with a total of 292 electoral votes, and Bush would have lost with 246 electoral votes. Please select which sections you would like to print: Michael Levy was political science editor (2000-06), executive editor (2006-11), editor of Britannica Blog (2010-11), and director of product content & curriculum (2011-12) at Encyclopaedia Britannica. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. Others have a different view. 3.08 Module Exam (Government) What followed was a five-week war over the ballots, the rules, the law and the courts. Ultimately, the contest focused on Florida. USA Today, The Miami Herald, and Knight Ridder commissioned accounting firm BDO Seidman to count undervotes. Meanwhile, there was a heavy backlash in the Cuban-American population against Democrats during the Elian Gonzalez dispute, during which Janet Reno, President Bill Clintons Attorney General, ordered the six-year-old Cuban refugee to be returned to Cuba. That decision was announced on live worldwide television by the Florida Supreme Court's spokesman Craig Waters, the Court's public information officer. As the manual recounts continued, the battle to certify the results intensified. The decision was extremely controversial due to its partisan split and the majority's unusual instruction that its judgment in Bush v. Gore should not set precedent but should be "limited to the present circumstances". Despite the continued economic growth that Gore could attribute to his economic stewardship with Clinton, early in the general election campaign it appeared that Bush might easily defeat Gore, who appeared wooden and dismissive of Bush in the campaigns debates and who was criticized repeatedly by the Bush campaign as an exaggerator. When 85 percent of the vote had been counted, news networks declared Bush the winner, though election results in a few heavily Democratic counties had yet to be tallied. Dispute over the butterfly ballot [10] The county canvassing board was then to decide whether to do a recount, as well as the method of the recount, in those three precincts. Corrections? Disputes erupted over the accuracy and reliability of election technology in the state, with confusion over butterfly ballots (ballots that have names on both sides), punch card voting machines, and hanging chads (punch card ballots that were only partially punched). To some, voting is a right that should be guaranteed regardless of any incompetence, error, failure, or irresponsibility on the part of the voter. a) running for congress b) writing about immigrants c) leading factor riots d) speaking against slavery. That study was conducted by a group that included the Miami Herald, USA Today and Knight Ridder newspapers. Lawyers for the two sides began arriving in Florida, focusing on the state capital of Tallahassee. But the state of the 2020 race is completely different, as Gore stated, than two decades ago. 03.06 Elections and Voting Flashcards - Learning tools & flashcards Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. These convoluted ballot designs led to calls for election and voting reform, and some states installed electronic voting machines to ensure greater accuracy in future elections. How many electoral votes did George W. Bush win in the 2000 election? Africa? A full, official recount of all votes statewide could have gone either way, but one was never conducted. Among these was the Palm Beach "butterfly ballot", which resulted in an unusually high number of votes for Reform Party candidate Pat Buchanan. George W. Bush 's two presidential election campaigns (2000, 2004). SC00-2431, Albert Gore, Jr., and Joseph I. Lieberman, Appellants, vs. Katherine Harris, as Secretary, etc., et al., Appellees", "2000 Presidential Election - Handcount (00genhc.xls)", "Counting the vote: the overview; Bush is declared winner in Florida, but Gore vows to contest results", "Disputed Palm Beach ballots held potential gains for Gore", "General, Nonpartisan and Special Elections Recount; Miami-Dade County, Florida", "So, who really won? George W. Bush (R) & Dick Cheney (R) v. Al Gore (D) & Joe Liberman (D) No candidate won a majority in the 2000 election. Although electors are pledged to their candidate and running mate, they are not obligated to vote for them. [4] Fairness and Accuracy in Reporting's analysis of the NORC study and media coverage of it supported these interpretations and criticized the coverage of the study by media outlets such as The New York Times and the other media consortium members for focusing on how events might have played out rather than on the statewide vote count. United States presidential election of 2004 - Britannica That 5-4 majority was composed of the nominees of Republican Presidents George H.W. [10] Voters from reliably Democratic states in the Northeast had also been migrating to Florida since the 1950s. Florida had 25 electoral votes and became the focus of a court battle over the outcome of the election. The study also found that undervotes originating in optical-scan counties differ from those from punchcard counties in a particular characteristic. The official result was finally decided by Katherine Harris, Florida's Secretary of State, when she was forced to certified the . On November 11, it joined a group of Florida voters in suing in federal district court for a preemptive injunction to stop all manual recounting of votes in Florida. 2000 Electoral College Results | National Archives Do you think the Supreme Court was right to halt the recount in Florida? However, an overvote shall not occur when the elector casts a vote on the ballot card but then enters a sham or unqualified name in the write-in space for that same office. While the races in Florida last week appeared to be decided by thousands or tens of thousands, the presidential count there in 2000 was being measured in hundreds. As court challenges were issued over the legality of hand recounts in select counties, news stories were filled with the arcane vocabulary of the election judge. The Bush campaign quickly filed an appeal with the U.S. Supreme Court, asking it to delay the recounts until it could hear the case; a stay was issued by the court on December 9. Ultimately, the contest focused on Florida. Palm Beach Post, 11 Nov. 2001. Bush's chief strategist, Karl Rove, phoned Fox News to insist that Florida was still in play. Taken together with Florida, those states triggered the network's computer programs to conclude Gore would win the Electoral College. On December 9, the Court suspended the manual recount, in progress for only several hours, on the grounds that irreparable harm could befall Bush, according to a concurring opinion by Justice Antonin Scalia. What was the primary election-year problem in Florida? Some media reports focused on undervotes (chad blocked hole, wrong ink or pencil used, partial oval mark not detected, humidity affected scanner, ballot feeder misalignment), while others also included overvotes (hole punched or oval filled plus a write-in name, other multi-marked ballots). Decisions by some canvassing boards to count illegal overseas absentee ballots. Bush v. Gore has been regarded as one of the most politically consequential decisions in the history of the court, and one that damaged the court's preferred image of itself as an institution far removed from everyday partisan politics. Initial election returns showed that Gore had won the popular vote, but neither candidate had garnered the 270 electoral votes required to win the presidency. our elections: badly kept lists, shoddy ballots during the 2000 Presidential Election. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Under Florida election law, a machine recount of all votes cast was required because the margin of victory was less than 0.5 percent. [14]:89 On November 13, the federal court ruled against an injunction. An elector who votes for someone other than his or her candidate is known as a faithless elector. It was governed by Jeb Bush, a staunch conservative[8] and George W. Bush's brother. The results of the 2000 U.S. presidential election are provided in the table. Jeb Bush really didn't do anything to rig the vote in Florida. [4] Once it became clear that Florida would decide the presidential election, the nation's attention focused on the manual recount. in answer to "Would the county accept a write-in overvote if the write-in text area contained a non-qualified candidate?". Not from where I'm sitting and what I'm looking at." Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. The Florida Supreme Court extended the deadline for the recount and ordered a manual recount. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. [80], The NORC was expecting 176,446 uncounted ballots to be available from Florida's counties, based on county precinct reports that produced the final, state-certified vote totals. Direct link to Jeff Kelman's post How long would the recoun, Posted 7 years ago. It was ostensibly completed on November 10 in the 66 Florida counties that used vote-counting machines and reduced Bush's lead to 327 votes. As the Electoral College vote took shape on election night, with the results piling up from around the country, it was clear the. Soon, the on-air personalities on Fox were telling viewers to reserve judgment on Florida. 2000: The Election That Was Decided By The Supreme Court a. a global recession. As court challenges were issued over the legality of hand recounts in select counties, news stories were filled with the arcane vocabulary of the election judge. Direct link to famousguy786's post The answer to your questi, Posted 7 years ago. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2000_United_States_presidential_election_recount_in_Florida&oldid=1136699969. Gore, as Bill Clintons vice president for eight years, was the clear favourite in the primary to win the Democratic nomination. Orange County total of 512 properly filled ballots not read by machine on November 8, 2000. About 3:00 am Gore called a stunned Bush to retract his concession. On November 14, the original deadline for reporting results, with the Volusia County recount complete, Bush held a 300-vote lead. The only exception: African-Americans. Three days later, concluding (72) that a fair statewide recount could not be performed in time to meet the December 18 deadline for certifying the states electors, the court issued a controversial 54 decision to reverse the Florida Supreme Courts recount order, effectively awarding the presidency to Bush (see Bush v. Gore). [3], Election fairness was a major problem known to Floridians in the 1990s; for example, the 1997 Miami mayoral election was tainted by scandal. Brady, Henry E.; Collier, David (2004). The county-level variance from the total number of ballots was 0.76%. That could skew toward an unusual number of young voters, women voters and people of color. Nationally, Bush had won 246 electoral votes; Gore had won 260. . The Bush campaign immediately petitioned the U.S. Supreme Court for a stay of the recount order, which was granted on December 9. Between May 1999 and Election Day 2000, two Florida secretaries of state, While the Bush campaign opposed the Gore campaign's requests for manual recounts in four heavily Democratic counties, they quietly accepted manual recounts from four Republican-leaning counties. The GOP effort in 2000 broadcasted massive talent within the party that likely helped Bush land a White House win. That call was made in the early morning hours of November 8 by all the TV networks cited above, but not by the AP. Fewer than 600 votes separated the candidates, and that margin appeared to be narrowing. For all the furor over Palm Beach, it was black precincts where voters had been turned away, denied a ballot because some had been mislabeled as felons, blocked from voting because of bureaucratic bungles, or because the huge increase in black turnout had overwhelmed local officials. The hotly-contested battle for the presidency between George W. Bush and Al Gore was ultimately decided by the Supreme Court. Whoever wins the most votes in the state is awarded all 25 electoral votes. Great Britain,France,Germany,Russia,Italy,Japan, Explain five reason why self examination is important. He captured it easily, seeing off a challenge from Bill Bradley, a former U.S. senator from New Jersey. The best answer I can give you is "it's complicated". Florida statutes also required that all counties certify and report their returns, including any recounts, by 5:00p.m. on November 14. The Florida vote was ultimately settled in Bush's favor by a margin of 537 votes when the U.S. Supreme Court, in Bush v. Gore, stopped a recount that had been initiated upon a ruling by the Florida Supreme Court. [11] If the board discovered an error that in its judgment could affect the outcome of the election, they were then authorized to do a full recount of the ballots. The Democrats share of the Cuban-American vote dropped dramatically after 1996. Among those making that call were ABC, CBS, NBC, CNN, Fox News and The Associated Press. The study cost nearly $1 million and was the most thorough and comprehensive news-media review of the Florida balloting. Direct link to Tristan Lvin's post Couldn't they have just r, Posted 5 years ago. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. [37] Such a statewide review including all uncounted votes was a tangible possibility, as Leon County Circuit Court Judge Terry Lewis, whom the Florida Supreme Court had assigned to oversee the statewide recount, had scheduled a hearing for December 13 (mooted by the U.S. Supreme Court's final ruling on December 12) to consider including overvotes. From the beginning of the controversy, politicians, litigants and the press focused exclusively on the undervotes, in particular incompletely punched chads. IF the results were "scattered", who would officially be president? What good and Ideas came from china ? Upon such an overvote, the entire vote for that office shall be void and shall not be counted. On December 4, the U.S. Supreme Court returned this matter to the Florida Supreme Court with an order vacating its earlier decision. The small margin produced an automatic recount under Florida state law, which began the day after the election. By November 10 the machine recount was complete, and Bushs lead stood at 327 votes out of six million cast. [11], In late October, one poll found that Gore was leading Bush and third parties by 44424 among registered voters and 46424 among likely voters, but that poll had a margin of error of four percentage points, making the race too close to call. The longstanding case law in Florida [ ] has held that the intent of the voters as shown by their ballots should be given effect. "[4] A physical mark on a ballot, at or near a designated target, is such an indication. The project ended up using a sample that was 1,333 votes fewer than the expected total of votes, with most of the variation in Votomatic overvotes, the ballots least likely to yield votes in a recount. Canvassing boards of Alachua, Bay, Bradford, Charlotte, Columbia, Escambia, Franklin, Gulf, Hendry, Hernando, Holmes, Lake, Manatee, Okaloosa, Okeechobee, St. Johns and Washington Counties, Election day decisions by 17 Optiscan counties not to "manually review overvotes that couldn't be properly read by machine", Canvassing boards of Alachua, Bay, Charlotte, Citrus, Columbia, Escambia, Franklin, Gadsden, Holmes, Jackson, Lake, Leon, Manatee, Monroe, Okaloosa, Okeechobee, St. Johns, Suwanee and Washington Counties, Election day decisions by 19 Optiscan counties not to "manually review undervotes that couldn't be read by counting machines", Canvassing boards of Collier, DeSoto, Dixie, Duval, Glades, Hardee, Highlands, Hillsborough, Indian River, Jefferson, Lee, Madison, Marion, Miami-Dade, Nassau, Osceola, Pasco, Pinellas, Sarasota, Sumter and Wakulla Counties, Election day decisions by 21 punch-card counties not to "attempt to determine voter intent on undervotes that couldn't be read by counting machines", The above 21 boards plus Palm Beach County Canvassing Board, Election day decisions by 22 punch-card counties not to "attempt to determine voter intent on overvotes that couldn't be properly read by machine", Decision not to review dimpled ballots with clear indications of intent, Decision to change county's certified vote from the mechanical recount total back to the election night vote total, Decision not to include Palm Beach County's vote recount results (all but 53 precincts) submitted before certification deadline, Decision not to include Miami-Dade County's vote recount results (139 precincts) accomplished before certification deadline. It was instead a painful reminder of the days when the battle for the ballot was, literally, a life-and-death matter. "In a per curiam decision, the Court first ruled 72 (Justices Stevens and Ruth Bader Ginsburg dissenting), strictly on equal protection grounds, that the recount be stopped. Instead, the electors from each state and the District of Columbia met in their respective capitols. Following the machine recount, the Gore campaign requested a manual recount in four counties. Bush, and Democrat Bill Clinton. A full, official recount of all votes statewide could have gone either way, but one was never conducted. Although their conclusions were similar, the Miami Herald study and the later and larger study came up with different numbers, evidence of the uncertainties involved. The presidential election of November 7, 2000 was one of the most memorable - and controversial - in the history of the United States. What good and Ideas came from china ? However, his presence as governor in Florida did help George W. Bush a lot. Bush led Gore in Florida by 1784 votes. What did the U.S. Supreme Court decide in, https://www.britannica.com/event/Bush-v-Gore, Cornell University Law School - Bush Versus Gore, Bush v. Gore - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up), sample butterfly ballot from Florida, 2000. "Statutes & Constitution :View Statutes: Online Sunshine", "Bush leads Gore by 327 votes in Florida recount, Associated Press reports", "A State Legislature Cannot Appoint Its Preferred Slate of Electors to Override the Will of the People After the Election", "Gore concedes presidential race after the fight of his life", "The Butterfly Ballot: Anatomy of a Disaster", "Florida's flawed "voter-cleansing" program", "Do Voting Rights Notification Laws Increase Ex-Felon Turnout? A larger consortium of news organizations, including USA Today, The Miami Herald, Knight Ridder, The Tampa Tribune, and five other newspapers next conducted a full recount of all machine-rejected ballots, including both undervotes and overvotes. USA Today, 11 May 2001. The U.S. Presidential Election of 1876 Was Pure Chaos. Karl Rove, in full Karl Christian Rove, (born December 25, 1950, Denver, Colorado, U.S.), American political consultant and principal architect of U.S. Pres. A: There is currently no strong evidence that acetaminophen use during pregnancy causes autism or ADHD in children. Bush's name appeared at the top of the ballot, sparing most Bush voters from error. That part of the vote count was completed on November 18, increasing Bush's lead to 930 votes. In the 2000 Election, the State of Florida officials, A. declared Al Gore the winner when the recount deadline passed, what was harriet tubman beat know for? [1] The majority held that no alternative method could be established within the discretionary December 12 "safe harbor" deadline set by Title 3 of the United States Code (3 U.S.C. On the other hand, the study also found that Gore probably would have won, by a range of 42 to 171 votes out of 6 million cast, had there been a broad recount of all disputed ballots statewide. Finally, we hit the seventh page.. United States presidential election of 2000 - Britannica What the Bush v. Gore studies showed", "Media Recount: Bush Won the 2000 Election", "Statistical Practice: Reliability of the Uncertified Ballots in the 2000 Presidential Election in Florida", "Newspapers' recount shows Bush prevailed", "Florida voter errors cost Gore the election", "Battlefield Florida: A Chat with Lance deHaven-Smith", How we got here: A timeline of the Florida recount, Video highlight of Florida Supreme Court Chief Justice Wells opening, Video highlights of November 20, 2000 and December 7, 2000 oral arguments in. On December 8, in a 43 decision, the Florida Supreme Court ordered immediate manual recounts of undervotes for the office of president in all counties where such recounts had not already taken place. Bush's margin was so small that all the anomalies and oddities that mar the margins of any major election ballooned into major national controversies. America in the Bush Years - Learning tools & flashcards, for free | Quizlet The 2000 presidential election was a pivotal moment in history that ended up with a recount in Florida. The outcome of the 2000 United States presidential election was not known for more than a month after balloting because of the extended process of counting and recounting Florida's presidential ballots. Escambia County also reported completing its recount that day but did not include all of its precincts. The NORC adjusted its analysis for the Orange County results and a few minor differences by increasing the starting baseline vote total by 535 votes. The court ruled 54 on the remedy of the matter, with the majority holding that the Florida Supreme Courts decision had created new election lawa right reserved for the state legislatureand that no recount could be held in time to satisfy a federal deadline for the selection of state electors. By November 10 the machine recount was complete, and Bushs lead stood at 327 votes out of six million cast. It was sponsored by the Associated Press, New York Times, Wall Street Journal, CNN, St. Petersburg Times, Palm Beach Post, Washington Post and the Tribune Co., which owns papers including the Los Angeles Times, Chicago Tribune, Orlando Sentinel and Baltimore Sun. These lawsuits escalated to the U.S. Supreme Court where the final, 5-4 decision was made, ending the recounts and giving the state of Florida's Electoral votes to George W. Bush. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. He and his legal team will need to produce solid evidence of it. The "set aside" ballots were dimpled ballots that were challenged by the two parties. B.K., sounds like you are a believer in state's rights. The recount was in progress on December 9 when the United States Supreme Court, by a 5 to 4 vote (Justices Stevens, Souter, Ginsburg and Breyer dissenting), granted Bush's emergency plea for a stay of the Florida Supreme Court recount ruling, stopping the incomplete recount. Gore, however, won the popular vote over Bush by some 500,000 votesthe first inversion of the electoral and popular vote since 1888. Students also viewed. rythionic. The Bush campaign subsequently appealed to the Supreme Court of the United States, which took up the case Bush v. Palm Beach County Canvassing Board on December 1. You can specify conditions of storing and accessing cookies in your browser. Including overvotes in the above totals for undervotes gives different margins of victory: The overvotes with write-in names were also noted by Florida State University public policy professor and elections observer, Lance deHaven-Smith, in his interview with Research in Review at Florida State University:[85]. a) running for congress b) writing about immigrants c) leading factor riots d) speaking against slavery. A: Nobody can say for sure who might have won. The State of Florida ordered a recount of the 2000 votes because (3 points) a too many counties used the "butterfly" ballot against the state law b George Bush did not believe that the state had run a fair election c Al Gore did not believe that the state had run a fair election d state law required a recount when the results were close Declared George bush the winner of Florida after intervention from the Supreme Court of the United States and gave bush the state by a margin of 537 votes. In 2000, Florida was allocated 25 electors because it had 23 congressional districts and 2 senators. As more votes were tallied, Gore narrowed Bushs lead to less than 2,000 votes, which pushed for an automatic recount in the state as the margin was so tight. 2000 Election Facts Outcome of race unknown for several weeks due to dispute over close vote totals in Florida Green Party candidate Ralph Nader received 2,882,728 votes, but no Electoral Votes Gore won DC; however one elector did not cast a vote One of only 5 elections (1824, 1876, 1888, 2000, 2016) where the popular vote winner was defeated Reflections on the 2000 U.S. Presidential Election - Brookings What were the long-term consequences of the 2000 election? Trained investigators examined 175,010 ballots provided by local election officials. Controversies included: Many voters in Palm Beach County who intended to vote for Gore actually marked their ballots for Pat Buchanan or spoiled their ballots because they found the ballot's layout to be confusing. 2000 Electoral College Results. Circle Countries that came under the rule of a fascist government and dictator before WWII began They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. Rethinking Social Inquiry: Diverse Tools, Shared Standards. Furthermore, the Florida Administrative Code: 1S-2.0031, "Write-in Procedures Governing Electronic Voting Systems", (7) at the time specified, "An overvote shall occur when an elector casts a vote on the ballot card and also casts a write-in vote for a qualified write-in candidate for that same office.